Telomere Length Differences upon Keratinization and its Variations in Normal Human Epidermal Keratinocytes

Katsuhiro Hitomi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.cb.20140204.11

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Telomere Length Differences upon Keratinization and its Variations in Normal Human Epidermal Keratinocytes

Katsuhiro Hitomi

Published in Cell Biology (Volume 2, Issue 4)

Received: 20 August 2014 Accepted: 6 September 2014 Published: 20 September 2014

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Abstract

Telomeres are the physical ends of chromosomes, and are cleaved with each cell division. Telomere loss results from not only incomplete DNA replication (“end replication problem”), followed by the processing of chromosome, but also exposure to various DNA damaging agents. Human epidermis is constantly replaced through replication at the basal layer, followed by upward movement and terminal differentiation at the suprabasal layer. The objective of this study was to assess differences in telomere length between basal and suprabasal keratinocytes, and variations of telomere lengths among basal cells. We investigated terminal restriction fragment (TRF) length in fractions of epidermal cells by Southern blot analysis. Time-dependent trypsin treatment to epidermis divided into basal cell rich and suprabasal cell rich fractions. In the five skin samples from various sites of the body, the mean TRF length were 5,932 ± 470 (range 5,182-6,630) bp in basal cell rich fraction showing 21.5% ± 5.8% (range 12.6-28.6%) of keratin 10 (K10)-positivity, which is marker of keratinizing suprabasal cell, and 5,320 ± 640 (range 4,495-6,212) bp in suprabasal cell rich fraction showing 78.8% ± 4.0% (range 72.8-83.0%) of K10-positivity. It was calculated that K10 positive cells have 1,091 ± 963 (range 248-2,650) bp shorter telomeres compared to K10 negative cells. In addition, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) study showed that columnar groups of keratinocytes with statistically longer telomere in each nucleus than the other epidermal cells in the vicinity occupied occasionally between the tip of dermal papilla and the bottom of rete ridge. The present study showed that the keratinizing suprabasal cells have shorter telomeres compared to basal cells. FISH study showed that some groups of epidermal cells having different replicative histories among the groups of epidermal cells in the vicinity.

Published in	Cell Biology (Volume 2, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.cb.20140204.11
Page(s)	28-35
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2014. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Human Skin, Keratinocyte, Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization, Telomere, Terminal Restriction Fragment

References

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Katsuhiro Hitomi. (2014). Telomere Length Differences upon Keratinization and its Variations in Normal Human Epidermal Keratinocytes. Cell Biology, 2(4), 28-35. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cb.20140204.11

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Katsuhiro Hitomi. Telomere Length Differences upon Keratinization and its Variations in Normal Human Epidermal Keratinocytes. Cell Biol. 2014, 2(4), 28-35. doi: 10.11648/j.cb.20140204.11

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Katsuhiro Hitomi. Telomere Length Differences upon Keratinization and its Variations in Normal Human Epidermal Keratinocytes. Cell Biol. 2014;2(4):28-35. doi: 10.11648/j.cb.20140204.11

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@article{10.11648/j.cb.20140204.11,
  author = {Katsuhiro Hitomi},
  title = {Telomere Length Differences upon Keratinization and its Variations in Normal Human Epidermal Keratinocytes},
  journal = {Cell Biology},
  volume = {2},
  number = {4},
  pages = {28-35},
  doi = {10.11648/j.cb.20140204.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cb.20140204.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cb.20140204.11},
  abstract = {Telomeres are the physical ends of chromosomes, and are cleaved with each cell division. Telomere loss results from not only incomplete DNA replication (“end replication problem”), followed by the processing of chromosome, but also exposure to various DNA damaging agents. Human epidermis is constantly replaced through replication at the basal layer, followed by upward movement and terminal differentiation at the suprabasal layer. The objective of this study was to assess differences in telomere length between basal and suprabasal keratinocytes, and variations of telomere lengths among basal cells. We investigated terminal restriction fragment (TRF) length in fractions of epidermal cells by Southern blot analysis. Time-dependent trypsin treatment to epidermis divided into basal cell rich and suprabasal cell rich fractions. In the five skin samples from various sites of the body, the mean TRF length were 5,932 ± 470 (range 5,182-6,630) bp in basal cell rich fraction showing 21.5% ± 5.8% (range 12.6-28.6%) of keratin 10 (K10)-positivity, which is marker of keratinizing suprabasal cell, and 5,320 ± 640 (range 4,495-6,212) bp in suprabasal cell rich fraction showing 78.8% ± 4.0% (range 72.8-83.0%) of K10-positivity. It was calculated that K10 positive cells have 1,091 ± 963 (range 248-2,650) bp shorter telomeres compared to K10 negative cells. In addition, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) study showed that columnar groups of keratinocytes with statistically longer telomere in each nucleus than the other epidermal cells in the vicinity occupied occasionally between the tip of dermal papilla and the bottom of rete ridge. The present study showed that the keratinizing suprabasal cells have shorter telomeres compared to basal cells. FISH study showed that some groups of epidermal cells having different replicative histories among the groups of epidermal cells in the vicinity.},
 year = {2014}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Telomere Length Differences upon Keratinization and its Variations in Normal Human Epidermal Keratinocytes
AU  - Katsuhiro Hitomi
Y1  - 2014/09/20
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cb.20140204.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.cb.20140204.11
T2  - Cell Biology
JF  - Cell Biology
JO  - Cell Biology
SP  - 28
EP  - 35
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-0183
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cb.20140204.11
AB  - Telomeres are the physical ends of chromosomes, and are cleaved with each cell division. Telomere loss results from not only incomplete DNA replication (“end replication problem”), followed by the processing of chromosome, but also exposure to various DNA damaging agents. Human epidermis is constantly replaced through replication at the basal layer, followed by upward movement and terminal differentiation at the suprabasal layer. The objective of this study was to assess differences in telomere length between basal and suprabasal keratinocytes, and variations of telomere lengths among basal cells. We investigated terminal restriction fragment (TRF) length in fractions of epidermal cells by Southern blot analysis. Time-dependent trypsin treatment to epidermis divided into basal cell rich and suprabasal cell rich fractions. In the five skin samples from various sites of the body, the mean TRF length were 5,932 ± 470 (range 5,182-6,630) bp in basal cell rich fraction showing 21.5% ± 5.8% (range 12.6-28.6%) of keratin 10 (K10)-positivity, which is marker of keratinizing suprabasal cell, and 5,320 ± 640 (range 4,495-6,212) bp in suprabasal cell rich fraction showing 78.8% ± 4.0% (range 72.8-83.0%) of K10-positivity. It was calculated that K10 positive cells have 1,091 ± 963 (range 248-2,650) bp shorter telomeres compared to K10 negative cells. In addition, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) study showed that columnar groups of keratinocytes with statistically longer telomere in each nucleus than the other epidermal cells in the vicinity occupied occasionally between the tip of dermal papilla and the bottom of rete ridge. The present study showed that the keratinizing suprabasal cells have shorter telomeres compared to basal cells. FISH study showed that some groups of epidermal cells having different replicative histories among the groups of epidermal cells in the vicinity.
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Katsuhiro Hitomi

Department of Dermatology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan

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Katsuhiro Hitomi. (2014). Telomere Length Differences upon Keratinization and its Variations in Normal Human Epidermal Keratinocytes. Cell Biology, 2(4), 28-35. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cb.20140204.11

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Katsuhiro Hitomi. Telomere Length Differences upon Keratinization and its Variations in Normal Human Epidermal Keratinocytes. Cell Biol. 2014, 2(4), 28-35. doi: 10.11648/j.cb.20140204.11

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AMA Style

Katsuhiro Hitomi. Telomere Length Differences upon Keratinization and its Variations in Normal Human Epidermal Keratinocytes. Cell Biol. 2014;2(4):28-35. doi: 10.11648/j.cb.20140204.11

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@article{10.11648/j.cb.20140204.11,
  author = {Katsuhiro Hitomi},
  title = {Telomere Length Differences upon Keratinization and its Variations in Normal Human Epidermal Keratinocytes},
  journal = {Cell Biology},
  volume = {2},
  number = {4},
  pages = {28-35},
  doi = {10.11648/j.cb.20140204.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cb.20140204.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cb.20140204.11},
  abstract = {Telomeres are the physical ends of chromosomes, and are cleaved with each cell division. Telomere loss results from not only incomplete DNA replication (“end replication problem”), followed by the processing of chromosome, but also exposure to various DNA damaging agents. Human epidermis is constantly replaced through replication at the basal layer, followed by upward movement and terminal differentiation at the suprabasal layer. The objective of this study was to assess differences in telomere length between basal and suprabasal keratinocytes, and variations of telomere lengths among basal cells. We investigated terminal restriction fragment (TRF) length in fractions of epidermal cells by Southern blot analysis. Time-dependent trypsin treatment to epidermis divided into basal cell rich and suprabasal cell rich fractions. In the five skin samples from various sites of the body, the mean TRF length were 5,932 ± 470 (range 5,182-6,630) bp in basal cell rich fraction showing 21.5% ± 5.8% (range 12.6-28.6%) of keratin 10 (K10)-positivity, which is marker of keratinizing suprabasal cell, and 5,320 ± 640 (range 4,495-6,212) bp in suprabasal cell rich fraction showing 78.8% ± 4.0% (range 72.8-83.0%) of K10-positivity. It was calculated that K10 positive cells have 1,091 ± 963 (range 248-2,650) bp shorter telomeres compared to K10 negative cells. In addition, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) study showed that columnar groups of keratinocytes with statistically longer telomere in each nucleus than the other epidermal cells in the vicinity occupied occasionally between the tip of dermal papilla and the bottom of rete ridge. The present study showed that the keratinizing suprabasal cells have shorter telomeres compared to basal cells. FISH study showed that some groups of epidermal cells having different replicative histories among the groups of epidermal cells in the vicinity.},
 year = {2014}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Telomere Length Differences upon Keratinization and its Variations in Normal Human Epidermal Keratinocytes
AU  - Katsuhiro Hitomi
Y1  - 2014/09/20
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cb.20140204.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.cb.20140204.11
T2  - Cell Biology
JF  - Cell Biology
JO  - Cell Biology
SP  - 28
EP  - 35
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-0183
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cb.20140204.11
AB  - Telomeres are the physical ends of chromosomes, and are cleaved with each cell division. Telomere loss results from not only incomplete DNA replication (“end replication problem”), followed by the processing of chromosome, but also exposure to various DNA damaging agents. Human epidermis is constantly replaced through replication at the basal layer, followed by upward movement and terminal differentiation at the suprabasal layer. The objective of this study was to assess differences in telomere length between basal and suprabasal keratinocytes, and variations of telomere lengths among basal cells. We investigated terminal restriction fragment (TRF) length in fractions of epidermal cells by Southern blot analysis. Time-dependent trypsin treatment to epidermis divided into basal cell rich and suprabasal cell rich fractions. In the five skin samples from various sites of the body, the mean TRF length were 5,932 ± 470 (range 5,182-6,630) bp in basal cell rich fraction showing 21.5% ± 5.8% (range 12.6-28.6%) of keratin 10 (K10)-positivity, which is marker of keratinizing suprabasal cell, and 5,320 ± 640 (range 4,495-6,212) bp in suprabasal cell rich fraction showing 78.8% ± 4.0% (range 72.8-83.0%) of K10-positivity. It was calculated that K10 positive cells have 1,091 ± 963 (range 248-2,650) bp shorter telomeres compared to K10 negative cells. In addition, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) study showed that columnar groups of keratinocytes with statistically longer telomere in each nucleus than the other epidermal cells in the vicinity occupied occasionally between the tip of dermal papilla and the bottom of rete ridge. The present study showed that the keratinizing suprabasal cells have shorter telomeres compared to basal cells. FISH study showed that some groups of epidermal cells having different replicative histories among the groups of epidermal cells in the vicinity.
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
ER  -

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