Xenomelia and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Similarities and Differences

Sabrina Link; Erich Kasten

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajpn.20150304.12

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Xenomelia and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Similarities and Differences

Sabrina Link, Erich Kasten

Published in American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience (Volume 3, Issue 4)

Received: 30 May 2015 Accepted: 15 June 2015 Published: 6 July 2015

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Abstract

Theoretical background: Xenomelia, also known as Body Integrity Identity Disorder (BIID), is a mental disorder that is characterized by a strong desire to lose one or more limbs, or a functional area of the body. There is still no consensus, where the boundaries of the definition should be set and how BIID can be classified. The scientific community is currently debating whether Xenomelia could be a sub-type of obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD). Objective: The primary goal of this research was to improve the knowledge about similarities and differences between Xenomelia and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Method: Using the HZI-K (Hamburg Compulsive Inventory, short form), a questionnaire for collecting non-specific compulsive behavior, as well as the BIID screening for severity and intensity of this disorder, the compulsiveness of 33 Xenomelia affected participants was captured with an online survey and evaluated. The evaluation was based on the standard values of the HZI-K. Results: The test results of the 33 Xenomelia affected participants differ from the norms of the calibration sample of the HZI-K on the scales A (repetition controlling, as well as obsessive thoughts after controlling compulsions), D (counting-constrains, compulsions concerning touch, and speech), E (obsessive thoughts ) and F (compulsive images to hurt oneself or others). Conclusion: It can be assumed that BIID sufferers have compulsive tendencies in terms of control, action and thought constraints.

Published in	American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience (Volume 3, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajpn.20150304.12
Page(s)	63-69
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Body Integrity Identity Disorder, BIID, Apotemnophilia, Amputee Identity Disorder, Xenomelia, OCD, Obsessive -Compulsive Disorder

References

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Sabrina Link, Erich Kasten. (2015). Xenomelia and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Similarities and Differences. American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, 3(4), 63-69. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpn.20150304.12

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ACS Style

Sabrina Link; Erich Kasten. Xenomelia and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Similarities and Differences. Am. J. Psychiatry Neurosci. 2015, 3(4), 63-69. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpn.20150304.12

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AMA Style

Sabrina Link, Erich Kasten. Xenomelia and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Similarities and Differences. Am J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2015;3(4):63-69. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpn.20150304.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajpn.20150304.12,
  author = {Sabrina Link and Erich Kasten},
  title = {Xenomelia and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Similarities and Differences},
  journal = {American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience},
  volume = {3},
  number = {4},
  pages = {63-69},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajpn.20150304.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpn.20150304.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpn.20150304.12},
  abstract = {Theoretical background: Xenomelia, also known as Body Integrity Identity Disorder (BIID), is a mental disorder that is characterized by a strong desire to lose one or more limbs, or a functional area of the body. There is still no consensus, where the boundaries of the definition should be set and how BIID can be classified. The scientific community is currently debating whether Xenomelia could be a sub-type of obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD). Objective: The primary goal of this research was to improve the knowledge about similarities and differences between Xenomelia and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Method: Using the HZI-K (Hamburg Compulsive Inventory, short form), a questionnaire for collecting non-specific compulsive behavior, as well as the BIID screening for severity and intensity of this disorder, the compulsiveness of 33 Xenomelia affected participants was captured with an online survey and evaluated. The evaluation was based on the standard values of the HZI-K. Results: The test results of the 33 Xenomelia affected participants differ from the norms of the calibration sample of the HZI-K on the scales A (repetition controlling, as well as obsessive thoughts after controlling compulsions), D (counting-constrains, compulsions concerning touch, and speech), E (obsessive thoughts ) and F (compulsive images to hurt oneself or others). Conclusion: It can be assumed that BIID sufferers have compulsive tendencies in terms of control, action and thought constraints.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Xenomelia and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Similarities and Differences
AU  - Sabrina Link
AU  - Erich Kasten
Y1  - 2015/07/06
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpn.20150304.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajpn.20150304.12
T2  - American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience
JF  - American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience
JO  - American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience
SP  - 63
EP  - 69
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-426X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpn.20150304.12
AB  - Theoretical background: Xenomelia, also known as Body Integrity Identity Disorder (BIID), is a mental disorder that is characterized by a strong desire to lose one or more limbs, or a functional area of the body. There is still no consensus, where the boundaries of the definition should be set and how BIID can be classified. The scientific community is currently debating whether Xenomelia could be a sub-type of obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD). Objective: The primary goal of this research was to improve the knowledge about similarities and differences between Xenomelia and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Method: Using the HZI-K (Hamburg Compulsive Inventory, short form), a questionnaire for collecting non-specific compulsive behavior, as well as the BIID screening for severity and intensity of this disorder, the compulsiveness of 33 Xenomelia affected participants was captured with an online survey and evaluated. The evaluation was based on the standard values of the HZI-K. Results: The test results of the 33 Xenomelia affected participants differ from the norms of the calibration sample of the HZI-K on the scales A (repetition controlling, as well as obsessive thoughts after controlling compulsions), D (counting-constrains, compulsions concerning touch, and speech), E (obsessive thoughts ) and F (compulsive images to hurt oneself or others). Conclusion: It can be assumed that BIID sufferers have compulsive tendencies in terms of control, action and thought constraints.
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Sabrina Link

Medical School Hamburg, University of Applied Sciences, Hamburg, Germany
Erich Kasten

Dept. of Neuropsychology, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany

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APA Style

Sabrina Link, Erich Kasten. (2015). Xenomelia and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Similarities and Differences. American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, 3(4), 63-69. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpn.20150304.12

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ACS Style

Sabrina Link; Erich Kasten. Xenomelia and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Similarities and Differences. Am. J. Psychiatry Neurosci. 2015, 3(4), 63-69. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpn.20150304.12

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AMA Style

Sabrina Link, Erich Kasten. Xenomelia and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Similarities and Differences. Am J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2015;3(4):63-69. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpn.20150304.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajpn.20150304.12,
  author = {Sabrina Link and Erich Kasten},
  title = {Xenomelia and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Similarities and Differences},
  journal = {American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience},
  volume = {3},
  number = {4},
  pages = {63-69},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajpn.20150304.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpn.20150304.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpn.20150304.12},
  abstract = {Theoretical background: Xenomelia, also known as Body Integrity Identity Disorder (BIID), is a mental disorder that is characterized by a strong desire to lose one or more limbs, or a functional area of the body. There is still no consensus, where the boundaries of the definition should be set and how BIID can be classified. The scientific community is currently debating whether Xenomelia could be a sub-type of obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD). Objective: The primary goal of this research was to improve the knowledge about similarities and differences between Xenomelia and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Method: Using the HZI-K (Hamburg Compulsive Inventory, short form), a questionnaire for collecting non-specific compulsive behavior, as well as the BIID screening for severity and intensity of this disorder, the compulsiveness of 33 Xenomelia affected participants was captured with an online survey and evaluated. The evaluation was based on the standard values of the HZI-K. Results: The test results of the 33 Xenomelia affected participants differ from the norms of the calibration sample of the HZI-K on the scales A (repetition controlling, as well as obsessive thoughts after controlling compulsions), D (counting-constrains, compulsions concerning touch, and speech), E (obsessive thoughts ) and F (compulsive images to hurt oneself or others). Conclusion: It can be assumed that BIID sufferers have compulsive tendencies in terms of control, action and thought constraints.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Xenomelia and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Similarities and Differences
AU  - Sabrina Link
AU  - Erich Kasten
Y1  - 2015/07/06
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpn.20150304.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajpn.20150304.12
T2  - American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience
JF  - American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience
JO  - American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience
SP  - 63
EP  - 69
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-426X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpn.20150304.12
AB  - Theoretical background: Xenomelia, also known as Body Integrity Identity Disorder (BIID), is a mental disorder that is characterized by a strong desire to lose one or more limbs, or a functional area of the body. There is still no consensus, where the boundaries of the definition should be set and how BIID can be classified. The scientific community is currently debating whether Xenomelia could be a sub-type of obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD). Objective: The primary goal of this research was to improve the knowledge about similarities and differences between Xenomelia and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Method: Using the HZI-K (Hamburg Compulsive Inventory, short form), a questionnaire for collecting non-specific compulsive behavior, as well as the BIID screening for severity and intensity of this disorder, the compulsiveness of 33 Xenomelia affected participants was captured with an online survey and evaluated. The evaluation was based on the standard values of the HZI-K. Results: The test results of the 33 Xenomelia affected participants differ from the norms of the calibration sample of the HZI-K on the scales A (repetition controlling, as well as obsessive thoughts after controlling compulsions), D (counting-constrains, compulsions concerning touch, and speech), E (obsessive thoughts ) and F (compulsive images to hurt oneself or others). Conclusion: It can be assumed that BIID sufferers have compulsive tendencies in terms of control, action and thought constraints.
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
ER  -

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