Efficacy and Economics of Urea Spray Technology for a Locally Discovered Rice Cultivar <i>Haridhan</i> in Bangladesh

Mohammad Rashedur Rahman; Mohammad Arif Hossain Khan; Iffat Ara Mahzabin

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajpb.20170204.14

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Efficacy and Economics of Urea Spray Technology for a Locally Discovered Rice Cultivar Haridhan in Bangladesh

Mohammad Rashedur Rahman, Mohammad Arif Hossain Khan, Iffat Ara Mahzabin

Published in American Journal of Plant Biology (Volume 2, Issue 4)

Received: 9 September 2017 Accepted: 17 October 2017 Published: 3 December 2017

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Abstract

Foliar spray of fertilizer does not only increase the crop yields but also reduce the quantities of fertilizer applied through soil. An attempt was taken to find out the efficacy and economic benefit of urea spray technology for getting higher yield using a local rice cultivar Haridhan and a modern rice cultivar BRRI dhan56. The research work was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from July to November 2015. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Results revealed that foliar spray of urea solution had significant effect on several yield contributing characters. It was found that treatment T4 (where 50% of the recommended dose (RD) of urea was applied directly to soil by 2 equal splits and 20% of the RD of urea was applied as foliar spray with three equal splits at 30 DAT, 45 DAT and 60 DAT) gave significantly higher number of effective tillers hill^-1, number of grains panicle-1, grain yield, straw yield and biological yield than that of any other treatments. Both the varieties gave significantly higher yield with the treatment T4. In case of cost effectiveness, it was found that treatment T1 (where no urea was applied) exerted lowest cost of production (60,124 BDT ha^-1), but, treatment T4 provided highest gross income (122,800 BDT ha^-1), net income (60,436 BDT ha^-1) and benefit cost ratio (1.97) as well as lowest cost per unit of product (5.27) for the varieties. The highest cost of production was found in case of treatment T6 where traditional method of urea was applied. Therefore, the present study concluded that about 30% recommended dose of urea/ha can be saved in each rice growing season by applying urea as foliar spray.

Published in	American Journal of Plant Biology (Volume 2, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajpb.20170204.14
Page(s)	136-141
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Urea Spray, Local Rice Cultivar, Haridhan, Economic Efficiency

References

[1]	BBS (Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics). 2014. Estimates of Aman Rice (Husked), 2013-14, at the Website: www.bbs.gov.bd.
[2]	FAO (Food and Agricultural Organization). 2004. Selected indicators of Food and Agricultural Organization in Asia-Pacific region corporate document Repository, 87-91.
[3]	The Daily Sun, 2010. Available at: http://www.daily-sun.com/old_version/details_yes_23-12-2010_Hari-dhan:-Reality-or-myth---a-response_75__5_1_1.html#sthash.xzBV5LJI.dpuf.
[4]	BRRI (Bangladesh Rice Research Institute). 2011. BRRI Annual Report 2008-2009. Publication no.187, 79-83.
[5]	S. S. Alam, A. Z. M. Moslehuddin, M. R. Islam, and A. M. Kamal, “Soil and foliar application of nitrogen for Boro rice (BRRI dhan29)”, Journal of Bangladesh Agricultural University 8(2), 199-202, 2010.
[6]	P. Khan, M. Y. Memon, M. Imtiaz, and M. Aslam, “Response of wheat to foliar and soil application of urea at different growth stage”, Pakistan Journal of Botany, 41(3), 1197-1204, 2009.
[7]	D. Datta, “Principles and practices of rice production” Intl. Rice Res. Inst. Los Banos, Philippines. 9, 185-186, 313-396, 535, 1981.
[8]	IRRI (International Rice Research Institute), “Rice Almanac”, 2nd Ed.; IRRI in association with the West Africa Rice Development Association and the Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical: Manila, Philippines, 1997.
[9]	BRRI (Bangladesh Rice Research Institute), “Annual Research Review Workshop 2008- 2009”, BRRI, Agronomy Division, Gazipur, 490-492, 2009.
[10]	M. A. M. Miah, and G. M. Panaullah, “Effect of water regimes and N-levels on soil available N, its uptake and use efficiency by transplanted rice”, Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 24(2), 343-353, 1999.
[11]	M. I. M. Akhand, B. C. Roy, J. C. Biswas, N. Parvin and S. Paul, “ Urea spraying as an effective alternate method of nitrogen management”, Eco-friendly Agril. J. 6 (9), 188-192, 2013.
[12]	BBS (Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics), “The Yearbook of Agricultural Statistics of Bangladesh”, Statistics Div., Minis. Plan. Govt. peoples Repub., Bangladesh, Dhaka, 54, 2014.
[13]	R. Ahmad, and R. Jabeen, “Foliar spray of mineral elements antagonistic to sodium- A technique to induce salt tolerance in plant growing under saline conditions”, Pak. J. Bot., 37(4), 913-920, 2005.
[14]	E. P. Brasher, J. R. Wheatley, and W. L. Ogle, “Foliar Nutrition sprays on vegetable crops. Delaware Experiment Station Bull. No. 295, 1953.
[15]	M. U. Haq, and A. P. Mallarino, “Soybean yield and nutrient composition as affected by early season foliar fertilization”, Agron. J. 92, 16-24, 2000.
[16]	Z. Jamal, M. Hamayun, N. Ahmad, and M. F. Chaudhary, “Effect of soil and foliar application of different concentrations of NPK and foliar application of (NH₄)₂SO₄ on different parameters in wheat”. J. Agron. 5(2), 251-256, 2006.
[17]	I. H. Manik, M. A. Abedin. M. R. Rahman, T. Chakrobarty, S. B. Jaman, M. A. Noor and R. Sultana, “Reducing urea demand for rice crop through foliar application of urea in boro season”. Res. Agric. Livest. Fish. 3 (1), 79-85, 2016.
[18]	BRRI (Bangladesh Rice Research Institute), “Adhunik Dhaner chas (in Bengali)”, Bangladesh Rice Research Institure, Gazipur, Bangladesh, 1-80, 2016.

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Mohammad Rashedur Rahman, Mohammad Arif Hossain Khan, Iffat Ara Mahzabin. (2017). Efficacy and Economics of Urea Spray Technology for a Locally Discovered Rice Cultivar Haridhan in Bangladesh. American Journal of Plant Biology, 2(4), 136-141. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpb.20170204.14

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ACS Style

Mohammad Rashedur Rahman; Mohammad Arif Hossain Khan; Iffat Ara Mahzabin. Efficacy and Economics of Urea Spray Technology for a Locally Discovered Rice Cultivar Haridhan in Bangladesh. Am. J. Plant Biol. 2017, 2(4), 136-141. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpb.20170204.14

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AMA Style

Mohammad Rashedur Rahman, Mohammad Arif Hossain Khan, Iffat Ara Mahzabin. Efficacy and Economics of Urea Spray Technology for a Locally Discovered Rice Cultivar Haridhan in Bangladesh. Am J Plant Biol. 2017;2(4):136-141. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpb.20170204.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ajpb.20170204.14,
  author = {Mohammad Rashedur Rahman and Mohammad Arif Hossain Khan and Iffat Ara Mahzabin},
  title = {Efficacy and Economics of Urea Spray Technology for a Locally Discovered Rice Cultivar Haridhan in Bangladesh},
  journal = {American Journal of Plant Biology},
  volume = {2},
  number = {4},
  pages = {136-141},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajpb.20170204.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpb.20170204.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpb.20170204.14},
  abstract = {Foliar spray of fertilizer does not only increase the crop yields but also reduce the quantities of fertilizer applied through soil. An attempt was taken to find out the efficacy and economic benefit of urea spray technology for getting higher yield using a local rice cultivar Haridhan and a modern rice cultivar BRRI dhan56. The research work was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from July to November 2015. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Results revealed that foliar spray of urea solution had significant effect on several yield contributing characters. It was found that treatment T4 (where 50% of the recommended dose (RD) of urea was applied directly to soil by 2 equal splits and 20% of the RD of urea was applied as foliar spray with three equal splits at 30 DAT, 45 DAT and 60 DAT) gave significantly higher number of effective tillers hill-1, number of grains panicle-1, grain yield, straw yield and biological yield than that of any other treatments. Both the varieties gave significantly higher yield with the treatment T4. In case of cost effectiveness, it was found that treatment T1 (where no urea was applied) exerted lowest cost of production (60,124 BDT ha-1), but, treatment T4 provided highest gross income (122,800 BDT ha-1), net income (60,436 BDT ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (1.97) as well as lowest cost per unit of product (5.27) for the varieties. The highest cost of production was found in case of treatment T6 where traditional method of urea was applied. Therefore, the present study concluded that about 30% recommended dose of urea/ha can be saved in each rice growing season by applying urea as foliar spray.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Efficacy and Economics of Urea Spray Technology for a Locally Discovered Rice Cultivar Haridhan in Bangladesh
AU  - Mohammad Rashedur Rahman
AU  - Mohammad Arif Hossain Khan
AU  - Iffat Ara Mahzabin
Y1  - 2017/12/03
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpb.20170204.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajpb.20170204.14
T2  - American Journal of Plant Biology
JF  - American Journal of Plant Biology
JO  - American Journal of Plant Biology
SP  - 136
EP  - 141
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8337
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpb.20170204.14
AB  - Foliar spray of fertilizer does not only increase the crop yields but also reduce the quantities of fertilizer applied through soil. An attempt was taken to find out the efficacy and economic benefit of urea spray technology for getting higher yield using a local rice cultivar Haridhan and a modern rice cultivar BRRI dhan56. The research work was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from July to November 2015. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Results revealed that foliar spray of urea solution had significant effect on several yield contributing characters. It was found that treatment T4 (where 50% of the recommended dose (RD) of urea was applied directly to soil by 2 equal splits and 20% of the RD of urea was applied as foliar spray with three equal splits at 30 DAT, 45 DAT and 60 DAT) gave significantly higher number of effective tillers hill-1, number of grains panicle-1, grain yield, straw yield and biological yield than that of any other treatments. Both the varieties gave significantly higher yield with the treatment T4. In case of cost effectiveness, it was found that treatment T1 (where no urea was applied) exerted lowest cost of production (60,124 BDT ha-1), but, treatment T4 provided highest gross income (122,800 BDT ha-1), net income (60,436 BDT ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (1.97) as well as lowest cost per unit of product (5.27) for the varieties. The highest cost of production was found in case of treatment T6 where traditional method of urea was applied. Therefore, the present study concluded that about 30% recommended dose of urea/ha can be saved in each rice growing season by applying urea as foliar spray.
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Mohammad Rashedur Rahman

Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
Mohammad Arif Hossain Khan

Department of Fertilizer Management, Bangladesh Agricultural Development Corporation, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
Iffat Ara Mahzabin

Department of Agricultural Extension Education, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

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Mohammad Rashedur Rahman, Mohammad Arif Hossain Khan, Iffat Ara Mahzabin. (2017). Efficacy and Economics of Urea Spray Technology for a Locally Discovered Rice Cultivar Haridhan in Bangladesh. American Journal of Plant Biology, 2(4), 136-141. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpb.20170204.14

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ACS Style

Mohammad Rashedur Rahman; Mohammad Arif Hossain Khan; Iffat Ara Mahzabin. Efficacy and Economics of Urea Spray Technology for a Locally Discovered Rice Cultivar Haridhan in Bangladesh. Am. J. Plant Biol. 2017, 2(4), 136-141. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpb.20170204.14

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AMA Style

Mohammad Rashedur Rahman, Mohammad Arif Hossain Khan, Iffat Ara Mahzabin. Efficacy and Economics of Urea Spray Technology for a Locally Discovered Rice Cultivar Haridhan in Bangladesh. Am J Plant Biol. 2017;2(4):136-141. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpb.20170204.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ajpb.20170204.14,
  author = {Mohammad Rashedur Rahman and Mohammad Arif Hossain Khan and Iffat Ara Mahzabin},
  title = {Efficacy and Economics of Urea Spray Technology for a Locally Discovered Rice Cultivar Haridhan in Bangladesh},
  journal = {American Journal of Plant Biology},
  volume = {2},
  number = {4},
  pages = {136-141},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajpb.20170204.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpb.20170204.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpb.20170204.14},
  abstract = {Foliar spray of fertilizer does not only increase the crop yields but also reduce the quantities of fertilizer applied through soil. An attempt was taken to find out the efficacy and economic benefit of urea spray technology for getting higher yield using a local rice cultivar Haridhan and a modern rice cultivar BRRI dhan56. The research work was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from July to November 2015. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Results revealed that foliar spray of urea solution had significant effect on several yield contributing characters. It was found that treatment T4 (where 50% of the recommended dose (RD) of urea was applied directly to soil by 2 equal splits and 20% of the RD of urea was applied as foliar spray with three equal splits at 30 DAT, 45 DAT and 60 DAT) gave significantly higher number of effective tillers hill-1, number of grains panicle-1, grain yield, straw yield and biological yield than that of any other treatments. Both the varieties gave significantly higher yield with the treatment T4. In case of cost effectiveness, it was found that treatment T1 (where no urea was applied) exerted lowest cost of production (60,124 BDT ha-1), but, treatment T4 provided highest gross income (122,800 BDT ha-1), net income (60,436 BDT ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (1.97) as well as lowest cost per unit of product (5.27) for the varieties. The highest cost of production was found in case of treatment T6 where traditional method of urea was applied. Therefore, the present study concluded that about 30% recommended dose of urea/ha can be saved in each rice growing season by applying urea as foliar spray.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Efficacy and Economics of Urea Spray Technology for a Locally Discovered Rice Cultivar Haridhan in Bangladesh
AU  - Mohammad Rashedur Rahman
AU  - Mohammad Arif Hossain Khan
AU  - Iffat Ara Mahzabin
Y1  - 2017/12/03
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpb.20170204.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajpb.20170204.14
T2  - American Journal of Plant Biology
JF  - American Journal of Plant Biology
JO  - American Journal of Plant Biology
SP  - 136
EP  - 141
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8337
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpb.20170204.14
AB  - Foliar spray of fertilizer does not only increase the crop yields but also reduce the quantities of fertilizer applied through soil. An attempt was taken to find out the efficacy and economic benefit of urea spray technology for getting higher yield using a local rice cultivar Haridhan and a modern rice cultivar BRRI dhan56. The research work was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from July to November 2015. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Results revealed that foliar spray of urea solution had significant effect on several yield contributing characters. It was found that treatment T4 (where 50% of the recommended dose (RD) of urea was applied directly to soil by 2 equal splits and 20% of the RD of urea was applied as foliar spray with three equal splits at 30 DAT, 45 DAT and 60 DAT) gave significantly higher number of effective tillers hill-1, number of grains panicle-1, grain yield, straw yield and biological yield than that of any other treatments. Both the varieties gave significantly higher yield with the treatment T4. In case of cost effectiveness, it was found that treatment T1 (where no urea was applied) exerted lowest cost of production (60,124 BDT ha-1), but, treatment T4 provided highest gross income (122,800 BDT ha-1), net income (60,436 BDT ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (1.97) as well as lowest cost per unit of product (5.27) for the varieties. The highest cost of production was found in case of treatment T6 where traditional method of urea was applied. Therefore, the present study concluded that about 30% recommended dose of urea/ha can be saved in each rice growing season by applying urea as foliar spray.
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
ER  -

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