Molecular Mechanism of Formalin-Induced Toxicity and Its Management

Alpana Khatun; Md Masud Rana; Md Rafiqul Islam Khan; Mir Imam Ibne Wahed; Md. Anwar Habib; Md. Nazim Uddin; Zakia Sultana Sathi; A. R. M. Ruhul Amin; Abu Syed Md Anisuzzaman

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15

Molecular Mechanism of Formalin-Induced Toxicity and Its Management

Alpana Khatun, Md Masud Rana, Md Rafiqul Islam Khan, Mir Imam Ibne Wahed, Md. Anwar Habib, Md. Nazim Uddin, Zakia Sultana Sathi, A. R. M. Ruhul Amin, Abu Syed Md Anisuzzaman

Published in American Journal of Life Sciences (Volume 3, Issue 2)

Received: 14 February 2015 Accepted: 25 February 2015 Published: 3 March 2015

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Abstract

The use of formalin (40% formaldehyde) for the preservation of food in an illegal way becoming a serious health issue in developing countries including Bangladesh. We investigated the Formalin (FA)-induced organ toxicity in Swiss albino mice. FA induction caused the significant elevation of the liver enzyme, SGOT and SGPT; the MDA levels in the liver and brain. Among the fractions of methanol extract of L. globosus, ethyl acetate (EA) fraction significantly reduced the elevated biochemical parameters (FA vs FA + EA fraction, μKa/L); SGOT (78.4 ± 0.3 vs 14.3 ± 0.9), SGPT (100.5 ± 5.2 vs 14.6 ± 0.7), MDA in liver (10.9 ± 0.2 vs 5.6 ± 0.1) and MDA in brain (16.9 ± 0.2 vs 6.3 ± 0.2). Morphological analyses also supported the beneficial effect of EA fraction in FA-induced liver toxicity. FA induction caused the phosphorylation of JNK, member of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) in both the liver and brain, which were completely abolished by the treatment of EA fraction of L. globosus. Chemical analyses showed that the EA fraction exhibited antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties. The protective effect of the EA fraction on the FA-induced toxicity by the modulation of oxidative inflammatory pathway by its antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity.

Published in	American Journal of Life Sciences (Volume 3, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15
Page(s)	85-92
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Loranthus globosus, SGOT and SGPT, Antioxidant and Free Radical Scavenging, JNK Phosphorylation, Formalin

References

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APA Style

Alpana Khatun, Md Masud Rana, Md Rafiqul Islam Khan, Mir Imam Ibne Wahed, Md. Anwar Habib, et al. (2015). Molecular Mechanism of Formalin-Induced Toxicity and Its Management. American Journal of Life Sciences, 3(2), 85-92. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15

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ACS Style

Alpana Khatun; Md Masud Rana; Md Rafiqul Islam Khan; Mir Imam Ibne Wahed; Md. Anwar Habib, et al. Molecular Mechanism of Formalin-Induced Toxicity and Its Management. Am. J. Life Sci. 2015, 3(2), 85-92. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15

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AMA Style

Alpana Khatun, Md Masud Rana, Md Rafiqul Islam Khan, Mir Imam Ibne Wahed, Md. Anwar Habib, et al. Molecular Mechanism of Formalin-Induced Toxicity and Its Management. Am J Life Sci. 2015;3(2):85-92. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15,
  author = {Alpana Khatun and Md Masud Rana and Md Rafiqul Islam Khan and Mir Imam Ibne Wahed and Md. Anwar Habib and Md. Nazim Uddin and Zakia Sultana Sathi and A. R. M. Ruhul Amin and Abu Syed Md Anisuzzaman},
  title = {Molecular Mechanism of Formalin-Induced Toxicity and Its Management},
  journal = {American Journal of Life Sciences},
  volume = {3},
  number = {2},
  pages = {85-92},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajls.20150302.15},
  abstract = {The use of formalin (40% formaldehyde) for the preservation of food in an illegal way becoming a serious health issue in developing countries including Bangladesh. We investigated the Formalin (FA)-induced organ toxicity in Swiss albino mice. FA induction caused the significant elevation of the liver enzyme, SGOT and SGPT; the MDA levels in the liver and brain. Among the fractions of methanol extract of L. globosus, ethyl acetate (EA) fraction significantly reduced the elevated biochemical parameters (FA vs FA + EA fraction, μKa/L); SGOT (78.4 ± 0.3 vs 14.3 ± 0.9), SGPT (100.5 ± 5.2 vs 14.6 ± 0.7), MDA in liver (10.9 ± 0.2 vs 5.6 ± 0.1) and MDA in brain (16.9 ± 0.2 vs 6.3 ± 0.2). Morphological analyses also supported the beneficial effect of EA fraction in FA-induced liver toxicity. FA induction caused the phosphorylation of JNK, member of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) in both the liver and brain, which were completely abolished by the treatment of EA fraction of L. globosus. Chemical analyses showed that the EA fraction exhibited antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties. The protective effect of the EA fraction on the FA-induced toxicity by the modulation of oxidative inflammatory pathway by its antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Molecular Mechanism of Formalin-Induced Toxicity and Its Management
AU  - Alpana Khatun
AU  - Md Masud Rana
AU  - Md Rafiqul Islam Khan
AU  - Mir Imam Ibne Wahed
AU  - Md. Anwar Habib
AU  - Md. Nazim Uddin
AU  - Zakia Sultana Sathi
AU  - A. R. M. Ruhul Amin
AU  - Abu Syed Md Anisuzzaman
Y1  - 2015/03/03
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15
T2  - American Journal of Life Sciences
JF  - American Journal of Life Sciences
JO  - American Journal of Life Sciences
SP  - 85
EP  - 92
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5737
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15
AB  - The use of formalin (40% formaldehyde) for the preservation of food in an illegal way becoming a serious health issue in developing countries including Bangladesh. We investigated the Formalin (FA)-induced organ toxicity in Swiss albino mice. FA induction caused the significant elevation of the liver enzyme, SGOT and SGPT; the MDA levels in the liver and brain. Among the fractions of methanol extract of L. globosus, ethyl acetate (EA) fraction significantly reduced the elevated biochemical parameters (FA vs FA + EA fraction, μKa/L); SGOT (78.4 ± 0.3 vs 14.3 ± 0.9), SGPT (100.5 ± 5.2 vs 14.6 ± 0.7), MDA in liver (10.9 ± 0.2 vs 5.6 ± 0.1) and MDA in brain (16.9 ± 0.2 vs 6.3 ± 0.2). Morphological analyses also supported the beneficial effect of EA fraction in FA-induced liver toxicity. FA induction caused the phosphorylation of JNK, member of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) in both the liver and brain, which were completely abolished by the treatment of EA fraction of L. globosus. Chemical analyses showed that the EA fraction exhibited antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties. The protective effect of the EA fraction on the FA-induced toxicity by the modulation of oxidative inflammatory pathway by its antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity.
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Alpana Khatun

Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
Md Masud Rana

Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
Md Rafiqul Islam Khan

Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
Mir Imam Ibne Wahed

Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
Md. Anwar Habib

Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi-6000, Bangladesh
Md. Nazim Uddin

Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi-6000, Bangladesh
Zakia Sultana Sathi

Department of Pharmacy, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
A. R. M. Ruhul Amin

Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
Abu Syed Md Anisuzzaman

Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

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APA Style

Alpana Khatun, Md Masud Rana, Md Rafiqul Islam Khan, Mir Imam Ibne Wahed, Md. Anwar Habib, et al. (2015). Molecular Mechanism of Formalin-Induced Toxicity and Its Management. American Journal of Life Sciences, 3(2), 85-92. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15

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ACS Style

Alpana Khatun; Md Masud Rana; Md Rafiqul Islam Khan; Mir Imam Ibne Wahed; Md. Anwar Habib, et al. Molecular Mechanism of Formalin-Induced Toxicity and Its Management. Am. J. Life Sci. 2015, 3(2), 85-92. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15

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AMA Style

Alpana Khatun, Md Masud Rana, Md Rafiqul Islam Khan, Mir Imam Ibne Wahed, Md. Anwar Habib, et al. Molecular Mechanism of Formalin-Induced Toxicity and Its Management. Am J Life Sci. 2015;3(2):85-92. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15,
  author = {Alpana Khatun and Md Masud Rana and Md Rafiqul Islam Khan and Mir Imam Ibne Wahed and Md. Anwar Habib and Md. Nazim Uddin and Zakia Sultana Sathi and A. R. M. Ruhul Amin and Abu Syed Md Anisuzzaman},
  title = {Molecular Mechanism of Formalin-Induced Toxicity and Its Management},
  journal = {American Journal of Life Sciences},
  volume = {3},
  number = {2},
  pages = {85-92},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajls.20150302.15},
  abstract = {The use of formalin (40% formaldehyde) for the preservation of food in an illegal way becoming a serious health issue in developing countries including Bangladesh. We investigated the Formalin (FA)-induced organ toxicity in Swiss albino mice. FA induction caused the significant elevation of the liver enzyme, SGOT and SGPT; the MDA levels in the liver and brain. Among the fractions of methanol extract of L. globosus, ethyl acetate (EA) fraction significantly reduced the elevated biochemical parameters (FA vs FA + EA fraction, μKa/L); SGOT (78.4 ± 0.3 vs 14.3 ± 0.9), SGPT (100.5 ± 5.2 vs 14.6 ± 0.7), MDA in liver (10.9 ± 0.2 vs 5.6 ± 0.1) and MDA in brain (16.9 ± 0.2 vs 6.3 ± 0.2). Morphological analyses also supported the beneficial effect of EA fraction in FA-induced liver toxicity. FA induction caused the phosphorylation of JNK, member of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) in both the liver and brain, which were completely abolished by the treatment of EA fraction of L. globosus. Chemical analyses showed that the EA fraction exhibited antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties. The protective effect of the EA fraction on the FA-induced toxicity by the modulation of oxidative inflammatory pathway by its antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Molecular Mechanism of Formalin-Induced Toxicity and Its Management
AU  - Alpana Khatun
AU  - Md Masud Rana
AU  - Md Rafiqul Islam Khan
AU  - Mir Imam Ibne Wahed
AU  - Md. Anwar Habib
AU  - Md. Nazim Uddin
AU  - Zakia Sultana Sathi
AU  - A. R. M. Ruhul Amin
AU  - Abu Syed Md Anisuzzaman
Y1  - 2015/03/03
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15
T2  - American Journal of Life Sciences
JF  - American Journal of Life Sciences
JO  - American Journal of Life Sciences
SP  - 85
EP  - 92
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5737
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15
AB  - The use of formalin (40% formaldehyde) for the preservation of food in an illegal way becoming a serious health issue in developing countries including Bangladesh. We investigated the Formalin (FA)-induced organ toxicity in Swiss albino mice. FA induction caused the significant elevation of the liver enzyme, SGOT and SGPT; the MDA levels in the liver and brain. Among the fractions of methanol extract of L. globosus, ethyl acetate (EA) fraction significantly reduced the elevated biochemical parameters (FA vs FA + EA fraction, μKa/L); SGOT (78.4 ± 0.3 vs 14.3 ± 0.9), SGPT (100.5 ± 5.2 vs 14.6 ± 0.7), MDA in liver (10.9 ± 0.2 vs 5.6 ± 0.1) and MDA in brain (16.9 ± 0.2 vs 6.3 ± 0.2). Morphological analyses also supported the beneficial effect of EA fraction in FA-induced liver toxicity. FA induction caused the phosphorylation of JNK, member of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) in both the liver and brain, which were completely abolished by the treatment of EA fraction of L. globosus. Chemical analyses showed that the EA fraction exhibited antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties. The protective effect of the EA fraction on the FA-induced toxicity by the modulation of oxidative inflammatory pathway by its antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity.
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
ER  -

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