Logistic Challenges Associated with Supply Chain Management of HIV/AIDS Programs in Cross River State, Nigeria

Samson Olusegun Aturaka; Olaiya Abiodun; Olusola Omotola; Wasiu Olalekan Adebimpe; Philip Imohi; Offiong Okon

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajhr.20170504.15

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Logistic Challenges Associated with Supply Chain Management of HIV/AIDS Programs in Cross River State, Nigeria

Samson Olusegun Aturaka, Olaiya Abiodun, Olusola Omotola, Wasiu Olalekan Adebimpe, Philip Imohi, Offiong Okon

Published in American Journal of Health Research (Volume 5, Issue 4)

Received: 27 January 2017 Accepted: 26 May 2017 Published: 12 July 2017

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Abstract

Background: Life-saving drugs such as anti-retroviral therapy and other critical supplies are becoming more accessible to millions of people living with HIV/AIDs. The modern pharmaceutical and laboratory commodity supply and management chain is complex and ravaged with numerous challenges. Objective: of this study is to examine health commodity supply chain management in relation to project implementation of HIV/AIDS and make recommendation for proper management and improvement. Results: ARVs and RTKs formed the basis of most expired commodities encountered. ARVs had 13 (23%) different products of different expiry dates while laboratory reagents had 39 (77%) products with different expiry dates. Two Sample T-Test and confidence interval for the parameters were carried out and T- calculated for both parameters were found to be less than T – table. The T- Cal for ARVs were -2.82 while T- Table is 1.71, also the T-Cal for lab reagents were -3.62 while T-Table was 1.69. This shows that there is no significant difference between the total cost of expired ARVs and expired laboratory reagents since the T-Cal for both products were less than T-Table. Conclusion: Total cost of 51,369.02USD of fund that was lost to expiry was a colossal loss to the project implementation. More funds, time and energy will still be spent on the retrieval, transportation and destruction of these expiries. Activities of different implementing partners (IPs) should be streamlined and rationalized among the IPs to prevent parallel and multiple supply of health commodities to the facilities. Also facility staff should be properly mentored and adequate technical assistance should be rendered to ensure good inventory management and proper storage of all health commodities especially all the cold chain products.

Published in	American Journal of Health Research (Volume 5, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajhr.20170504.15
Page(s)	114-118
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Commodity Logistics, HIV/AIDs, Supply Chain Management

References

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[2]	Finlay BD (2011). Counterfeit drugs and national security [Online]. Available at: http://www.stimson.org/images/uploads/research-pdfs/Full_-_Counterfeit_Drugs_and_National_Security.pdf. Accessed 11th November 2015.
[3]	Hai Lu & Yirong Su, (2002), An Approach Towards Overall Supply Chain Efficiency - A Future Oriented Solution and Analysis in Inbound Process, Master’s Thesis No. 2002: 29, Goteborg: Goteborg University.
[4]	http://logisticsmanagementandsupplychainmanagement.wordpress.com/category/healthcare-logistics/ (Assessed, 11th February, 2013).
[5]	Langer E, Kelkar A (2013). Pharmaceutical distribution in India. BioPharm International. 2008 21 (10) Available at http://www.biopharminternational.com/biopharm/India+Today/Pharmaceutical-Distribution-in-India/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/557245. Accessed 11th November 2015.
[6]	Logistics Systems: Arlington, Va.: John Snow, Inc./DELIVER for USAID for the U.S. Agency for Interna¬tional Development. Available on: http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNADM531.pdf (Accessed 6th May, 2012).
[7]	Shittu E, Harnly M, Whitaker S, Miller R (2016). Reorganizing nigeria's vaccine supply chain reduces need for additional storage facilities, but more storage is required. Health, Aff (Millwood), 35 (2): 293-300.
[8]	USAID/DELIVER PROJECT, Task Order 1. 2011. The Logistics Handbook: A Practical Guide for the Supply Chain Management of Health Commodities. Arlington, Va.: USAID / DELIVER PROJECT, Task Order 1.
[9]	World Health Organisation (WHO) (2005). Combating counterfeit drugs: A concept paper for effective international cooperation [Online]. Available at:http://www.who.int/medicines/services/counterfeit/CombatingCounterfeitDrugs_Conceptpaper.pdf. Accessed 11th November 2015.
[10]	Yadav P, Smith R, Hanson K (2012). Pharmaceuticals and the health sector. In: Smtih R, Hanson K, editors. In Health systems in low- and middle-income countries: An economic and policy perspective. Oxford, NY: Oxford University Press; 2012.

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APA Style

Samson Olusegun Aturaka, Olaiya Abiodun, Olusola Omotola, Wasiu Olalekan Adebimpe, Philip Imohi, et al. (2017). Logistic Challenges Associated with Supply Chain Management of HIV/AIDS Programs in Cross River State, Nigeria. American Journal of Health Research, 5(4), 114-118. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20170504.15

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ACS Style

Samson Olusegun Aturaka; Olaiya Abiodun; Olusola Omotola; Wasiu Olalekan Adebimpe; Philip Imohi, et al. Logistic Challenges Associated with Supply Chain Management of HIV/AIDS Programs in Cross River State, Nigeria. Am. J. Health Res. 2017, 5(4), 114-118. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20170504.15

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AMA Style

Samson Olusegun Aturaka, Olaiya Abiodun, Olusola Omotola, Wasiu Olalekan Adebimpe, Philip Imohi, et al. Logistic Challenges Associated with Supply Chain Management of HIV/AIDS Programs in Cross River State, Nigeria. Am J Health Res. 2017;5(4):114-118. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20170504.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ajhr.20170504.15,
  author = {Samson Olusegun Aturaka and Olaiya Abiodun and Olusola Omotola and Wasiu Olalekan Adebimpe and Philip Imohi and Offiong Okon},
  title = {Logistic Challenges Associated with Supply Chain Management of HIV/AIDS Programs in Cross River State, Nigeria},
  journal = {American Journal of Health Research},
  volume = {5},
  number = {4},
  pages = {114-118},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajhr.20170504.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20170504.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhr.20170504.15},
  abstract = {Background: Life-saving drugs such as anti-retroviral therapy and other critical supplies are becoming more accessible to millions of people living with HIV/AIDs. The modern pharmaceutical and laboratory commodity supply and management chain is complex and ravaged with numerous challenges. Objective: of this study is to examine health commodity supply chain management in relation to project implementation of HIV/AIDS and make recommendation for proper management and improvement. Results: ARVs and RTKs formed the basis of most expired commodities encountered. ARVs had 13 (23%) different products of different expiry dates while laboratory reagents had 39 (77%) products with different expiry dates. Two Sample T-Test and confidence interval for the parameters were carried out and T- calculated for both parameters were found to be less than T – table. The T- Cal for ARVs were -2.82 while T- Table is 1.71, also the T-Cal for lab reagents were -3.62 while T-Table was 1.69. This shows that there is no significant difference between the total cost of expired ARVs and expired laboratory reagents since the T-Cal for both products were less than T-Table. Conclusion: Total cost of 51,369.02USD of fund that was lost to expiry was a colossal loss to the project implementation. More funds, time and energy will still be spent on the retrieval, transportation and destruction of these expiries. Activities of different implementing partners (IPs) should be streamlined and rationalized among the IPs to prevent parallel and multiple supply of health commodities to the facilities. Also facility staff should be properly mentored and adequate technical assistance should be rendered to ensure good inventory management and proper storage of all health commodities especially all the cold chain products.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Logistic Challenges Associated with Supply Chain Management of HIV/AIDS Programs in Cross River State, Nigeria
AU  - Samson Olusegun Aturaka
AU  - Olaiya Abiodun
AU  - Olusola Omotola
AU  - Wasiu Olalekan Adebimpe
AU  - Philip Imohi
AU  - Offiong Okon
Y1  - 2017/07/12
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20170504.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajhr.20170504.15
T2  - American Journal of Health Research
JF  - American Journal of Health Research
JO  - American Journal of Health Research
SP  - 114
EP  - 118
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8796
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20170504.15
AB  - Background: Life-saving drugs such as anti-retroviral therapy and other critical supplies are becoming more accessible to millions of people living with HIV/AIDs. The modern pharmaceutical and laboratory commodity supply and management chain is complex and ravaged with numerous challenges. Objective: of this study is to examine health commodity supply chain management in relation to project implementation of HIV/AIDS and make recommendation for proper management and improvement. Results: ARVs and RTKs formed the basis of most expired commodities encountered. ARVs had 13 (23%) different products of different expiry dates while laboratory reagents had 39 (77%) products with different expiry dates. Two Sample T-Test and confidence interval for the parameters were carried out and T- calculated for both parameters were found to be less than T – table. The T- Cal for ARVs were -2.82 while T- Table is 1.71, also the T-Cal for lab reagents were -3.62 while T-Table was 1.69. This shows that there is no significant difference between the total cost of expired ARVs and expired laboratory reagents since the T-Cal for both products were less than T-Table. Conclusion: Total cost of 51,369.02USD of fund that was lost to expiry was a colossal loss to the project implementation. More funds, time and energy will still be spent on the retrieval, transportation and destruction of these expiries. Activities of different implementing partners (IPs) should be streamlined and rationalized among the IPs to prevent parallel and multiple supply of health commodities to the facilities. Also facility staff should be properly mentored and adequate technical assistance should be rendered to ensure good inventory management and proper storage of all health commodities especially all the cold chain products.
VL  - 5
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Samson Olusegun Aturaka

Department of Health System Strengthening and Laboratory Services, Fhi360 Cross River State Office, Calabar, Nigeria
Olaiya Abiodun

Department of Health System Strengthening and Logistics, Fhi360/AHNi Benue State Office, Makurdi, Nigeria
Olusola Omotola

Department of Emergency Preparedness Services, Medecins Sans Frontieres French Section, Abuja, Nigeria
Wasiu Olalekan Adebimpe

Department of Community Medicine, Osun State University, Oshogbo, Nigeria
Philip Imohi

Department of Prevention, Care and Treatment, Fhi360 Cross River State Office, Calabar, Nigeria
Offiong Okon

Department of Laboratory Services, General Hospital Ukpem, Calabar, Nigeria

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APA Style

Samson Olusegun Aturaka, Olaiya Abiodun, Olusola Omotola, Wasiu Olalekan Adebimpe, Philip Imohi, et al. (2017). Logistic Challenges Associated with Supply Chain Management of HIV/AIDS Programs in Cross River State, Nigeria. American Journal of Health Research, 5(4), 114-118. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20170504.15

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ACS Style

Samson Olusegun Aturaka; Olaiya Abiodun; Olusola Omotola; Wasiu Olalekan Adebimpe; Philip Imohi, et al. Logistic Challenges Associated with Supply Chain Management of HIV/AIDS Programs in Cross River State, Nigeria. Am. J. Health Res. 2017, 5(4), 114-118. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20170504.15

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AMA Style

Samson Olusegun Aturaka, Olaiya Abiodun, Olusola Omotola, Wasiu Olalekan Adebimpe, Philip Imohi, et al. Logistic Challenges Associated with Supply Chain Management of HIV/AIDS Programs in Cross River State, Nigeria. Am J Health Res. 2017;5(4):114-118. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20170504.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ajhr.20170504.15,
  author = {Samson Olusegun Aturaka and Olaiya Abiodun and Olusola Omotola and Wasiu Olalekan Adebimpe and Philip Imohi and Offiong Okon},
  title = {Logistic Challenges Associated with Supply Chain Management of HIV/AIDS Programs in Cross River State, Nigeria},
  journal = {American Journal of Health Research},
  volume = {5},
  number = {4},
  pages = {114-118},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajhr.20170504.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20170504.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhr.20170504.15},
  abstract = {Background: Life-saving drugs such as anti-retroviral therapy and other critical supplies are becoming more accessible to millions of people living with HIV/AIDs. The modern pharmaceutical and laboratory commodity supply and management chain is complex and ravaged with numerous challenges. Objective: of this study is to examine health commodity supply chain management in relation to project implementation of HIV/AIDS and make recommendation for proper management and improvement. Results: ARVs and RTKs formed the basis of most expired commodities encountered. ARVs had 13 (23%) different products of different expiry dates while laboratory reagents had 39 (77%) products with different expiry dates. Two Sample T-Test and confidence interval for the parameters were carried out and T- calculated for both parameters were found to be less than T – table. The T- Cal for ARVs were -2.82 while T- Table is 1.71, also the T-Cal for lab reagents were -3.62 while T-Table was 1.69. This shows that there is no significant difference between the total cost of expired ARVs and expired laboratory reagents since the T-Cal for both products were less than T-Table. Conclusion: Total cost of 51,369.02USD of fund that was lost to expiry was a colossal loss to the project implementation. More funds, time and energy will still be spent on the retrieval, transportation and destruction of these expiries. Activities of different implementing partners (IPs) should be streamlined and rationalized among the IPs to prevent parallel and multiple supply of health commodities to the facilities. Also facility staff should be properly mentored and adequate technical assistance should be rendered to ensure good inventory management and proper storage of all health commodities especially all the cold chain products.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Logistic Challenges Associated with Supply Chain Management of HIV/AIDS Programs in Cross River State, Nigeria
AU  - Samson Olusegun Aturaka
AU  - Olaiya Abiodun
AU  - Olusola Omotola
AU  - Wasiu Olalekan Adebimpe
AU  - Philip Imohi
AU  - Offiong Okon
Y1  - 2017/07/12
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20170504.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajhr.20170504.15
T2  - American Journal of Health Research
JF  - American Journal of Health Research
JO  - American Journal of Health Research
SP  - 114
EP  - 118
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8796
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20170504.15
AB  - Background: Life-saving drugs such as anti-retroviral therapy and other critical supplies are becoming more accessible to millions of people living with HIV/AIDs. The modern pharmaceutical and laboratory commodity supply and management chain is complex and ravaged with numerous challenges. Objective: of this study is to examine health commodity supply chain management in relation to project implementation of HIV/AIDS and make recommendation for proper management and improvement. Results: ARVs and RTKs formed the basis of most expired commodities encountered. ARVs had 13 (23%) different products of different expiry dates while laboratory reagents had 39 (77%) products with different expiry dates. Two Sample T-Test and confidence interval for the parameters were carried out and T- calculated for both parameters were found to be less than T – table. The T- Cal for ARVs were -2.82 while T- Table is 1.71, also the T-Cal for lab reagents were -3.62 while T-Table was 1.69. This shows that there is no significant difference between the total cost of expired ARVs and expired laboratory reagents since the T-Cal for both products were less than T-Table. Conclusion: Total cost of 51,369.02USD of fund that was lost to expiry was a colossal loss to the project implementation. More funds, time and energy will still be spent on the retrieval, transportation and destruction of these expiries. Activities of different implementing partners (IPs) should be streamlined and rationalized among the IPs to prevent parallel and multiple supply of health commodities to the facilities. Also facility staff should be properly mentored and adequate technical assistance should be rendered to ensure good inventory management and proper storage of all health commodities especially all the cold chain products.
VL  - 5
IS  - 4
ER  -

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